Ukraine

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Avant-garde

Groups and initiatives

  • Gileia (Hylaea), *1910, Kherson, futurists. Burliuk Brothers, Velimir Khlebnikov, Aleksei Kruchenykh.
  • Kvero (Quaero), *1913, futurists. Mykhail Semenko, Vasyl Semenko and Pavlo Kovzhun.
  • Budiak (Weed), *1913, Kharkiv, Bohomazov and Syniakova.
  • Skoptsy (near Kyiv) & Verbivka (near Cherkasy), 1915. Peasant craft cooperatives. Embroideries and kilims designed by Suprematist artists – Kazimir Malevich, Alexandra Exter, Nina Henke-Meller, Liubov Popova, Ivan Puni, Olga Rozanova, Nadezhda Udaltsova, and Yevgeniia Prybylska.
  • Molodyi teatr (The Young Theater), *1916, Kyiv, experimental theatre, founded by Les Kurbas. Kurbas directs and acts in Gogol’s Revizor and Sophocles’ Oedipus Rex
  • Flamingo, *1919, led by Mykhail Semenko. It publishes 3 books of poetry by Semenko (with cover designs by Petrytsky and Lisovsky)

Works

  • 1914, Vladimir Tatlin creates his relief Bandura in yellow and blue (the national colours of Ukraine).

Journals

Venues

  • 1911, Opening of the first film studio in Ukraine.
  • 1919, Odesa Film Studio opens.

Events

  • 1906, Kyiv Exhibition by Alexander_Archipenko [5] and Alexander Bogomazov [6].
  • 1909, Odessa First Salon organised by sculptor Vladimir Izdebsky and former student of Odesa Art School Wassili Kandinsky. It is the first major display of avant-garde art in the territory of the Russian Empire (it includes 900 works by 150 artists, such as Henri Matisse, André Derain, Natalia Goncharova, Aleksandra Exter, Mikhail Larionov, and many others).
  • December 1909, Odessa. Second Izdebsky Salon showing works by Kandinsky, the Burliuks and many Western avant-garde artists (439 works in total, 25 by David Burliuk, 53 by Kandinsky). First abstract work by Kandinsky appears on the cover of the catalogue Salon Izdebskago 2. The catalog contains essays by Kandinsky and Schoenberg.
  • 1910, Kyiv. Second Izdebsky Salon moves from Odessa to Kyiv.
  • 1910, Kharkiv. The artist studio Golubaia Liliia [Blue Lily] opened by Evgeny Agafonov
  • 1914, The Ring Exhibition – an exhibition of the group Kol’tso [Ring] led by Alexander Bohomazov, one of the founders of Ukrainian cubofuturism (Exter, Isaak Rabinovich).
Publications
  • 1914, Mykhail Semenko publishes his first two poetry collections Derzannia [Audacity; includes provocative introduction Sam [Alone] which is considered the first manifesto of Ukrainian futurism: “I burn my Kobzar”), and Kvero-Futuryzm [Kvero-Futurism].
  • 1914, Bohomazov writes his treatise Painting and Elements.
  • Mystetstvo [Art] review, 1919-?, edited by H. Mykhailychenko and Mykhail Semenko. first issue: cover design by Heorhii Narbut
  • 1919, Jewish Kultur-lige (Culture League) society forms a Yiddish Publishing House. The Culture League promotes a post-Cubist expressionism (Epstein, Lissitzky, Nikritin and Tyshler).
  • 1925, futurist literary almanac Hol’fshtrom [Gulf Stream]. It includes contributions by O.Kapler, O. Slisarenko, Geo Shkurupii, and Mykhailo Shcherbak
More
  • 1920, Kharkiv. Constructivist Vasyl Yermilov heads Industrial Teacher Workshop.
  • 1921, Group “Electro-organism” (painters Solomon Nikritin, Alexandr Tyshler, Klyment Red’ko).
  • 1922, Bohomazov joines Palmov, Meller and Tatlin at Kyiv Art Institute.
  • 1922, Foundation of the literary group ASPANFUT - “Asotsiatsiia panfuturystiv” [Association of Panfuturists].
  • 1922, Futurist almanac Semafor u maibutnie. Aparat panfuturystiv [A Go-Ahead Signal for the Future”] is published. It includes manifestos in French, German and English („What do we want”) and translations of various Dada texts.
  • 1922, First issue of “Katafalk iskusstva” [Catafalque of Art.
  • 1922, First collection of poetry by Geo Shkurupii “Psykhetozy” (Psychetosis).
  • 1923, Kyiv. Panfuturist miscellany Zhovtnevyi zbirnyk panfuturystiv [The Panfuturists’ October Collection] edited by Geo Shkurupii and Nik Bazhan is published. Cover designed by Nina Henke-Meller.
  • 1923, First issue of journal Barykady teatru [Barricades of theatre].
  • 1923, Boris Lyatoshinsky, Symphony No 1
  • 1923, Kyiv-born constructivist composer Alexander Mosolov creates his First Piano Sonata Op. 3.
  • 1925, constructivist Vladimir Tatlin is the head of Theatre, Cinema and Photography Faculty at Kyiv Art Institute; he executes stage designs for Taras Shevchenko’s Haidamaky [Haidamaks]. Viktor Palmov, the Russian-born Neo-Primitive painter, friend of David Burliuk and Vladimir Mayakovsky, is appointed professor of painting at the Kyiv Art Institute and joins various avant-garde groups.
  • 1926, literary group Avanhard [Avant-garde”] organised by Valerian Polishchuk (includes painters Vasyl Yermilov and H.Tsapok, poet H. Koliada) proclaims the ideas of constructivism, dynamism, “machinism” and “spiralism”.
  • 1926, VAPLITE [Free Academy of Proletarian Literature] is founded by Mykola Khvylovy.
  • 1927, First All-Ukrainian Art Exhibition “Ten Years October” is held in Kyiv, Kharkiv and Odesa (Epstein, Khvostenko-Khvostov, Meller, Palmov, Petrytsky and Tatlin).
  • 1927, OSMU (Contemporary Ukrainian Artists Union) is formed (Altman, Khvostenko-Khvostov, Epstein, Petrytsky, Palmov).
  • 1927, Review Bumeranh (Boomerang) started.
  • 1927, Nova Generatsiia [New Generation] starts under the editorship of Mykhail Semenko. Collaborators include Eisenstein and Vertov, Mayakovsky, Tatlin and Malevich, Georgian Futurists, and numerous European artists
  • 1927, Kyiv. Literary almanac Zustrich na perekresnii stantsii. Rozmova tr’okh [Meeting at the Crossing Station] (M.Semenko, Geo Shkurupii, M.Bazhan).
  • 1928, Kyiv. Malevich joins Tatlin, Palmov and Meller as a Professor at the Kyiv Art Institute. Malevich starts his second Peasant cycle.
  • 1928, Odesa. Fresco cycles by the Boichukist School.
  • 1928, Dovzhenko's epic film Zvenyhora [Zvenigora].
  • 1928, Kharkiv. The unaffiliated journal Literaturnyi iarmarok [Literary Fair] is established under the editorship by Mykola Khvylovy. Design by Anatol Petrytsky.
  • 1929, Odesa. Odesa Film Studio, Dovzhenko creates his expressionist film Arsenal which shows Bolshevik uprising in Kyiv in January 1918 .
  • 1930, Kyiv. Last monographic exhibition by Kazimir Malevich (45 works from 1928-30 are shown). Malevich is arrested and jailed for 3 months.
  • 1930, Dovzhenko's film Zemlia [Earth] depicting collectivization in Ukraine (scenario Dovzhenko, cinematography Danylo Demutsky). It is called “counter- revolutionary”.
  • 1930, Almanac Avanhard [Avant-garde], edited by Geo Shkurupii.
  • 1930, Kharkiv. First Polish State Theatre opens (Fedir Nirod).
  • 1930, Forced liquidation of “Literaturnyi iarmarok”; demise of Nova Generatsiia (New Generation).
  • 1930, Mykhail Semenko Evropa i my.Pamflety i virshi (Europe and us).
  • 1930, L’viv. Formation of ANUM [Association of Independent Ukrainian Artists] headed by Mykhailo Osinchuk and Yaroslava Muzyka. It organises 13 group and personal exhibitions.
  • 1931, Lviv. ANUM organises exhibition in which Ukrainian artists from Paris ( Mykhailo Andrienko-Nechytailo, Oleksa Hryshchenko, Mykola Hlushchenko and Vasyl Perebyinis) take part.
  • 1932, Kyiv. Dovzhenko's first Ukrainian sound film Ivan, about the building of the Dnieper Dam.
  • 1932, Kharkiv. Petrytsky paints Holod u Nimechchyni (Starvation in Germany).
  • 1932, Lviv. The review Mystetstvo [Art] is published under the editorship of Pavlo Kovzhun.
  • 1934, Ivan Kavaleridze's expressionist film “Koliivshchyna” (The Kolii Rebellion).
  • 1939, Mykhail Semenko reads his satirical poem “Nimechchyna” (Germany) months before his arrest and execution by NKVD.
  • 1939, Theatrical avant-gardist Les Kurbas is executed in the Solovki concentration camp.
  • 1939, Mykhailo Boichuk and his wife Sofia Nalepinska-Boichuk are executed.
  • 1939, Mike Johansen is executed in Kyiv.

Literature

  • "Cubism", in Internet Encyclopedia of Ukraine, undated.
  • Sviatoslav Hordynsky, "Futurism", in Encyclopedia of Ukraine, vol. 1, 1984.
  • Sviatoslav Hordynsky, "Constructivism", in Encyclopedia of Ukraine, vol. 1, 1984.
  • Sviatoslav Hordynsky, Myroslav Shkandrij, "Modernism", in Encyclopedia of Ukraine, vol. 1, 1984; updated 2005.
  • Oleh S. Ilnytzkyj, "Symbolism", in Encyclopedia of Ukraine, vol. 5, 1993.
  • Nina Genke-Meller, Ukrainian Avant-garde Art 1910-1930s, ed. Dmytro Horbachov, Kyiv: Mystetstvo, 1996.
  • Oleh Stepan Ilnytzkyj, Ukrainian Futurism, 1914-1930: A Historical and Critical Study, Harvard University Press, 1997, 413 pp.
  • Irene Rima Makaryk, Virlana Tkacz (eds.), Modernism in Kiev: Kyiv/Kyïv/Kiev/Kijów/Ḳieṿ: Jubilant Experimentation, University of Toronto Press, 2010, 626 pp.
  • Oleh S. Ilnytzkyj, "From under Imperial Eyes in Kyiv and Kharkiv Magazines", in The Oxford Critical and Cultural History of Modernist Magazines, vol. 3 (Europe, 1880-1940), New York: Oxford University Press, 2013, pp 1341-1362. [7]
  • http://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Український_авангард

New media art, Media culture

Cities

Kiev, Lviv, Dnepropetrovsk, Odessa, Crimea, Kharkiv, Lugansk, Kherson

Literature
  • Ianina Prudenko. "Media Art in Ukraine: The state of the theory and practice". May 2011. [8] [9]
  • Ianina Prudenko. "Współczesna sztuka ukraińska i nowe technologie". Sierpień/wrzesień 2009. [10]
  • Aaron Moulton. "A Revolution on Standby. Author Aaron Moulton tries a 72 Hours jump into Kiev's Contemporary Art scene". August 2007. [11]
  • Katya Stukalova, "In Expectation of Reloading: Ukrainian Media Art", 2005. (English, Czech, Spanish). [12] [13]
  • Galina Miazhevich, "Recent Developments in the Post-Soviet New Media: Ukraine and Belarus", presented at the F3 RuNet in a Global Context conference, 2011. [14]
  • Ianina Prudenko, "Ukrainian Media Art: Twenty Years of Experience", 3/4 27/28, 2012. (English/Slovak)


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