Susan Sontag

Susan Sontag, c1964. Photo by Paul Popper.

Susan Sontag (January 16, 1933 – December 28, 2004) was an American writer and filmmaker, novelist, writer of screenplays, professor, literary icon, and political activist.

Life and work

Susan Sontag took her B.A. at the University of Chicago and her M.A. at Radcliffe College. She also studied at Oxford University. Through her essays, which have been published in magazines and journals across the country, Sontag established a reputation as a critic of modern culture. Probably she will be remembered for her contribution to the theory of aesthetics.

Beginning with the publication of her 1964 essay Notes on 'Camp' , Sontag became an international cultural and intellectual celebrity. Sontag was active in writing and speaking about, or travelling to, areas of conflict, including during the Vietnam War and the Siege of Sarajevo. She wrote extensively about photography, culture and media, AIDS and illness, human rights, and communism and leftist ideology. Her often provocative essays and speeches sometimes drew criticism. The New York Review of Books called her "one of the most influential critics of her generation" [1].

Her place of authority in the contemporary world of art criticism was confirmed with the publication, in 1976, of a series of essays - On Photography. In it she writes, "The photographer, now charging real beasts, beleaguered and too rare to kill. Guns have metamorphosed into cameras in this earnest comedy, the ecological safari, because nature has ceased to be what it always had been - what people needed protection from. Now nature - tamed, endangered, mortal - needs to be protected from people. When we are afraid we shoot. But when we are nostalgic, we take pictures." (1977: 15).

In her best-known work, Against Interpretation (1966), Sontag enunciates a theory of art based upon a reliance on the senses and not on the intellect. By her nonfiction writes Sontag demonstrate her ability to address current social and political realities with the same incisiveness that she approaches questions of art. In "Women's Beauty", which she first published in Vogue magazine in 1975, Sontag provides us with a feminist interpretation of the uses and misuses of "beauty" throughout history. This essay also serves as a model for those who would question a variety of accepted moral, ethical, and social standards.

Literature

Susan Sontag, On Photography, 1977. Download.

Monographs

• On Photography, 1977. Review.
  • Sobre la fotografía (Spanish, trans. Carlos Gardini), 1981
• Illness as Metaphor, 1978
• AIDS and Its Metaphors (a continuation of Illness as Metaphor), 1988
• Regarding the Pain of Others, 2003

Novels

• The Benefactor, 1964
• Death Kit, 1967
• The Volcano Lover, 1992
• In America, 2000

Essay collections

• "Notes on camp", Camp: queer aesthetics and the performing subject: a reader, (1964): 53-65.
• Against Interpretation (includes "Notes on camp"), 1966
• Styles of Radical Will, 1969
• with Peter Hujar, Portraits in life and death, Da Capo Press, 1976
• Under the Sign of Saturn, 1980
• Where the Stress Falls, 2001
• Regarding the Pain of Others, 2002
• At the Same Time: Essays & Speeches, 2007
• A Susan Sontag Reader, ed. Elizabeth Hardwick, London, 1983

Articles, papers, chapters, reviews

• "Film and Theatre", The Tulane Drama Review, Vol. 11, No. 1 (Autumn, 1966):24-37
• "A Note on Bunraku", The Threepenny Review, 16 (1984): 16-16
• "In Conclusion...", chap. in East-West Film Journal, Vol. 2, no. 1, December 1987:93-106.
• "Why are we in Kosovo?", New York Times Magazine, May 02, 1999
• "A Photograph is not an Opinion. Or is it?", Women, 1999
• "Looking at War", The New Yorker, 9 Dec. 2002:82-98
• "Regarding the torture of others", New York Times, May 23, 2004:24
• "At the same time... (the novelist and moral reasoning)", English Studies in Africa, 48:1, 2005:5-17
• "An argument about beauty", Dædalus, (Fall 2005):208-2013

Interviews

• Evans Chan, "Against Postmodernism, etcetera--A Conversation with Susan Sontag", Postmodern Culture, 2001
• "Art and Consciousness" (Susan Sontag interviewed by Bonnie Marranca and Gautam Dasgupta), Performing Arts Journal", 80 (2005):1–9.

Papers and Articles on Sontag

• Toback, James, "Whatever You'd like Susan Sontag to think, She doesn't", Esquire magazine, no. 70 (1968):58-61.
• Sohnya Sayres, "Susan Sontag and the Practice of Modernism", American Literary History, Vol. 1, No. 3. (Autumn, 1989):593-611
• Steven Drukman, "Notes on Fornes (with apologies to Susan Sontag)", American Theatre, 17.7 (2000):36
• Barbara Clow, "Who's Afraid of Susan Sontag? or, the Myths and Metaphors of Cancer Reconsidered", Social History of Medicine, Vol. 14, no. 2, 2001:293-312

Bibliography

• Leland A. Poague, Kathy A. Parsons, Susan Sontag. An Annotated Bibliography, 1948-1992, Modern Critics and Critical Studies, vol. 22, Garland Reference Library of the Humanities, Vol. 1065, 2000
• in Chris Murray (ed.), Key Writers on Art: The Twentieth Century, Routledge, 2002.

External links

• http://www.gettyimages.no/editorial/susan-sontag-pictures?page=2