Johann Joachim Winckelmann

Lithography by Heinrich Wilhelm Teichgräber, 1839. 11 x 13 cm.
Born	December 9, 1717(1717-12-09) Stendal, Margraviate of Brandenburg, Holy Roman Empire (today Saxony-Anhalt, Germany)
Died	June 8, 1768(1768-06-08) (aged 50) Trieste
Web	Wikipedia, Wikisource, Internet Archive, Open Library, Using "Academia.edu" as base chain is not permitted during the annotation process.

Engraving by Bartolomeo Follin, c1780. 15 x 10 cm.

Johann Joachim Winckelmann (1717–1768) was a German art historian and archaeologist. He was a pioneering Hellenist who first articulated the difference between Greek, Greco-Roman and Roman art.

Works

(in German unless noted)

• "Gedanken vom mündlichen Vortrag" [1754], in Winckelmann, Werke, Bd. 2, Stuttgart: Hoffmann, 1847, pp 311-314.

Gedanken über die Nachahmung der griechischen Werke in der Malerey und Bildhauerkunst, 2nd ed., 1756. View.

• Gedanken über die Nachahmung der griechischen Werke in der Malerey und Bildhauerkunst, 1755; 2nd ed., Dresden and Leipzig: Walther, 1756; repr. Stuttgart: G.J. Goeschensche, 1885; Stuttgart: Reclam, 1986. First edition of only 50 copies. Another two essays, "Sendschreiben über die Gedanken.." and "Erläuterung der Gedanken..", are included in the volume since its second edition, the former being a counter-attack on the work, the latter a response to it; both authored by Winckelmann. [1] [2]
  • "On the Imitation of the Painting and Sculpture of the Greeks", "A Letter Containing Objections Against the Foregoing Reflections" and "An Answer to the Foregoing Letter and a further Explication of the Subject", in Winckelmann, Reflections on the Painting and Sculpture of the Greeks: with Instructions for the Connoisseur, and An Essay on Grace in Works of Art, trans. Henry Fuseli, London: Millar, 1765, pp 1-64, 65-126 and 143-247; 1767; London: Routledge/Thoemmes Press, 1999. (English)
  • Reflections on the Imitation of Greek Works in Painting and Sculpture, trans. Elfriede Heyer and Roger C. Norton, Open Court, 1986, 100 pages. (English) [3]
  • "Ajatuksia kreikkalaisten teosten jäljittelystä maalaustaiteessa ja kuvanveistossa", in Winckelmann, Jalosta yksinkertaisuudesta, trans. Vesa Oittinen, Helsinki: Kuvataideakatemia, 1992. (in Finnish)
  • Réflexions sur l'imitation des œuvres grecques dans la sculpture et la peinture, trans. Marianne Charrière, Paris: Jacqueline Chambon, 1998, 157 pp. (in French)
  • Pensées sur l'imitation des œuvres grecques en peinture et en sculpture, trans. Laure Cahen-Maurel, Paris: Allia, 2005. (in French)
  • "Thoughts on the Imitation of Greek Works in Painting and the Art of Sculpture", "Open Letter on Thoughts on the Imitation of Greek Works in Painting and the Art of Sculpture" and "Explanation of Thoughts on the Imitation of Greek Works in Painting and the Art of Sculpture", in Johann Joachim Winckelmann on Art, Architecture, and Archaeology, trans. David Carter, Camden House, 2013, pp 31-55, 57-80 and 81-114. (English) [4]
• Reifere Gedanken über die Nachahmung [c1756], 1811.
• "Erinnerung über die Betrachtung der Werke der Kunst", "Von der Grazie in Werken der Kunst", in Bibliothek der schönen Wissenschaten und der freyen Künste 5:1 (1759), Leipzig: Dyck, pp 1-13, 13-23.
  • "Instructions for the Connoisseur", "On Grace", in Winckelmann, Reflections on the Painting and Sculpture of the Greeks: with Instructions for the Connoisseur, and An Essay on Grace in Works of Art, trans. Henry Fuseli, London: Millar, 1765, pp 249-270, 271-287; 1767; London: Routledge/Thoemmes Press, 1999. (English)
• Description des pierres gravées du feu Baron de Stosch, Florence: Bonducci, 1760. (in French). On precious stones in the collection of Heinrich Wilhelm Muzell-Stosch who invited Winckelmann to Florence to draw up its catalogue, with the aim of selling it, after his uncle, the Baron von Stosch died; Winckelmann spent in Florence the period from September 1758 till August 1759.
• Anmerkungen über die Baukunst der Alten, Leipzig: Dyck, 1762. [5]
  • Remarques sur l'architecture des anciens, trans. Hendrik Jansen, Paris: Barrois, 1783. (in French)
  • "Remarks on the Architecture of the Ancients", in Winckelmann, Writings on Art, 1972. (English)
  • "Huomautuksia antiikin rakennustaiteesta", in Winckelmann, Jalosta yksinkertaisuudesta, trans. Vesa Oittinen, Helsinki: Kuvataideakatemia, 1992. (in Finnish)
• Sendschreiben von den Herculanischen Entdeckungen, Dresden: Walther, 1762. [6] [7]. Report from the excavations in the ancient sites of Herculaneum and Pompeii written in the form of a long letter to the Count von Brühl in Dresden.
  • Lettre de M. l'abbé Winckelmann, antiquaire de Sa Sainteté, a monsieur le comte de Brühl, Paris: Tilliard, 1764. (in French)
  • Critical Account of the Situation and Destruction by the First Eruptions of Mount Vesuvius of Herculaneum, Pompeii, and Stabia, London, 1771. (English)
  • "Letter on the Herculanean Discoveries", in Winckelmann, Letter and Report on the Discoveries at Herculaneum, trans. Carrol C. Mattusch, J. Paul Getty Museum, 2011. Review, Review.
• Abhandlung von der Fähigkeit der Empfindung des Schönen in der Kunst und dem Unterrichte in derselben, Dresden: Walther, 1763; repr., Dresden: Walther, 1771.
  • "Des réflexions sur le sentiment du beau dans les ouvrages de l’art et sur les moyens de l’acquérir", in Winckelmann, Recueil de différentes pièces sur les arts, Paris: Barrois, 1786, pp 233-282; Adamant Media, 2001. (in French) [8]
  • "Pojednání o schopnosti vnímat krásno v umění a jejím vzdělávání", trans. Jiří Stromšík, in Winckelmann, Dějiny umění starověku. Stati, Prague: Odeon, 1986, pp 344-358. (in Czech)
  • "Mitä on kauneus taiteessa ja miten opettaa kokemaan sitä", in Winckelmann, Jalosta yksinkertaisuudesta, trans. Vesa Oittinen, Helsinki: Kuvataideakatemia, 1992. (in Finnish)
  • "Essay on the Capacity for the Sentiment for the Beautiful in Art, and on Instruction in it", trans. Curtis Bowman, in Winckelmann, Essays on the Philosophy and History of Art, Vol. 1, Thoemmes Press, 2001, pp xix-xlvii. (English)
  • "Treatise on the Capacity for Sentiment to the Beautiful in Art and the Method of Teaching It", in Johann Joachim Winckelmann on Art, Architecture, and Archaeology, trans. David Carter, Camden House, 2013, pp 149-169. (English)
• Nachrichten von den neuesten Herculanischen Entdeckungen, Dresden: Walther, 1764. Report from the excavations in the ancient sites of Herculaneum and Pompeii written in the form of a long letter to J.H. Fuessli in Zürich.
  • "Report on the Latest Discoveries at Herculaneum", in Winckelmann, Letter and Report on the Discoveries at Herculaneum, trans. Carrol C. Mattusch, J. Paul Getty Museum, 2011. First English translation. Review, Review.

Geschichte der Kunst des Alterthums, 1, 1764. View.

Geschichte der Kunst des Alterthums, 2, 1764. View.

• Geschichte der Kunst des Alterthums, Band 1 [9], Band 2, Dresden: Walther, 1764; repr., ed. Wilhelm Senff, Weimar: H. Böhlaus, 1964. New ed. Band 1 [10], Band 2 [11], Vienna: Akademischer Verlag, 1776; repr. Berlin: Heimann, 1870; Vienna: Phaidon, 1934; Berlin: Safari, 1942; Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, 1993.
  • Histoire de l'art chez les Anciens, Tome 1, Tome 2, trans. Gottfried Sellius, Amsterdam: Harrevelt, 1766. (in French)
  • Histoire de l'art de l'antiquité, Tome 1 [12], Tome 2 [13], Tome 3 [14], trans. Michel Huber, Leipzig: Breitkopf, 1781; repr. as Histoire de l'art chez les Anciens, Tome 1, Tome 2, Tome 3, trans. Michel Huber, Paris: Barrois & Savoye, 1789; rev. by Hendrik Jansen, T 1 [15], T 2, 1793; new ed., T 1, T 2, Partie 1, T 2, Partie 2, Paris: Gide, 1801-03. (in French)
  • Storia delle arti del disegno presso gli antichi, Tomo 1, Tomo 2, Tomo 3, trans. Carlo Fea, Rome: Pagliarini, 1783-84. (in Italian)
  • The History of Ancient Art Among the Greeks [Vol. 2], trans. G. Henry Lodge, Boston: J. Munroe, 1849; reprinted London: John Chapman, 1850. Translation of both volumes as The History of the Ancient Art, Vol. 1 (Book I-III), Vol. 2 (Book IV-V), Vol. 3 (Book VI-XII), trans. G. Henry Lodge, Boston: James R. Osgood, 1872-73; 4 Vols, Boston: James R. Osgood, 1880; 4 Vols, London, 1881; Thoemmes Press, 2001. Of the 1776 German edition. (English)
  • Dějiny umění starověku. Stati, trans. Jiří Stromšík, Prague: Odeon, 1986, 441 pp. (in Czech)
  • Storia dell'arte nell'antichità, trans. Maria Ludovica Pampaloni, Milano: SE, 1990. (in Italian)
  • Historia del arte en la antiguedad, Iberia, 2000; Folio, 2003. (in Spanish)
  • Histoire de l'art dans l'Antiquité, trans. Dominique Tassel, Livre de Poche, 2005, 873 pp. (in French)
  • History of the Art of Antiquity, trans. Harry Mallgrave, Getty Research Institute, 2006, 446 pp. (English). Of the 1764 German edition. [16] [17]
• Versuch einer Allegorie, besonders für die Kunst, Dresden: Walther, 1766; repr., ed. Albert Dressel, Dresden: Mendelssohn, 1866. [18]
  • Saggio sull'allegoria, specialmente per l'arte, ed. Elena Agazzi, Bologna: Minerva, 2004. (in Italian)
• Anmerkungen über die Geschichte der Kunst des Alterthums, I, II, Dresden: Walther, 1767. [19]
• Monumenti antichi inediti spiegati ed illustrati da Giovanni Winckelmann prefetto delle antichità di Roma, Vol 1, Vol 2, Rome, self-published, 1767; 2nd ed., Tomo 1, Tomo 2, Rome: Carlo Mordacchini, 1821. (in Italian). Produced with the financial support of Cardinal Albani and others, with printing costs covered by Winckelmann.
  • Monumens inédits de l'antiquité statues, peintures antiques, pierres gravées, bas-reliefs de marbre et de terre cuite, Tome 1, Tome 2, Tome 3, trans. A.-F. Désodoards, Paris: L. Paravicin, 1808. (in French)
  • Alte Denkmäler der Kunst, trans. Friedrich Leopold Brunn, Berlin: Christian Gottfried Schöne, 1780; 2nd ed., Band 1, Band 2, 1791-92; Berlin: Schöne, 1804.
  • Winckelmann's Images from the Ancient World: Greek, Roman, Etruscan and Egyptian, ed. Stanley Appelbaum, Dover Publications, 2010, 176 pp. (English)

More works online

• UB Heidelberg
• MDZ Munich
• UB Bielefeld
• Projekt Gutenberg-DE

Letters

• Briefe an Herrn H., Leipzig: Carl Friederich Schneidern, 1776; repr. in Deutsches Museum, Vol. 1 (1776), pp 67-79, 168-177 and 253-279.
• Briefe an seine Freunde, 2 Vols, Dresden: Walther, 1777-80.
• Briefe an seine Freunde in der Schweiz, Zürich: Orell, Gessner und Füesslin, 1778.
• Briefe an Einen seiner vertrautesten Freunde in den Jahren 1756 bis 1768, Band 1, Band 2, Berlin and Stettin, 1781.
• Lettres familières, Partie 1, Partie 2, Paris: Couturier, 1781; repr. Tome 1, Tome 2, Tome 3, Yverdon, 1784. (in French)
• Winkelmann und sein Jahrhundert: In Briefen und Aufsätzen, ed. Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, Tübingen: J.G. Cotta, 1805.
• Briefe an seine Züricher Freunde, Freiburg and Tübingen: J.C.B. Mohr, 1882.
• Briefen, Bd. 1, ed. Richard Meszlényi, Berlin: B. Behr, 1913.
• Winckelmanns kleine Schriften und Briefe, Bd. 2: Ausgewählte Briefe, ed. Hermann Uhde-Bernays, Leipzig: Insel, 1925.
• Briefe, 4 Vols, eds. Walther Rehm and Hans Diepolder, Berlin: De Gruyter, 1952-57.
• Lettere italiane, ed. Giorgio Zampa, 1961. (in Italian)

Collected writings

• Recueil de différentes pièces sur les arts, trans. Hendrik Jansen and Michael Huber, Paris: Barrois, 1786; Adamant Media, 2001, 306 pp. (in French). Selection from texts published between 1755 and 1769. [20]
• Winkelmann und sein Jahrhundert: In Briefen und Aufsätzen, ed. Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, Tübingen: J.G. Cotta, 1805.
• Werke, Bd. 1, Bd. 2, Bd. 3, Bd. 4, Bd. 5, Bd. 6, Bd. 7, Bd. 8, ed. C.L. Fernow, Dresden: Walther, 1808-20.
• Johann Winckelmanns sämtliche Werke: dabei Porträt, Facsimile und ausführliche Biographie des Autors; unter dem Texte die frühern und viele neue Citate und Noten; die allerwärts gesammelten Briefe nach der Zeitordnung, Fragmente, Abbildungen und vierfacher Index, 12 Vols, ed. Joseph Eiselein, Donaueschingen: Deutscher Classiker, 1825-29; repr. Osnabrück, 1965.
• Opere di G. G. Winckelmann, 12 Vols, Prato: Per i Fratelli Giachetti, 1830-34. (in Italian)
• Werke, Band 1, Band 2, Stuttgart: Hoffmann, 1847.
• Ausgewählte Schriften, Leipzig: Insel, 1920.
• Winckelmanns kleine Schriften und Briefe, Bd. 1: Kleine Schriften zur Geschichte der Kunst des Altertums, ed. Hermann Uhde-Bernays, Leipzig: Insel, 1925.
• Il bello nell'arte. Scritti sull'arte antica, ed. Federico Pfister, Torino: G. Einaudi, 1942. (in Italian)
• Kleine Schriften, Vorreden, Entwürfe, ed. Walther Rehm, Weimar: Böhlau, 1960; Berlin: De Gruyter, 1968; 2002.
• Writings on Art, ed. David Irwin, London: Phaidon, 1972, 166 pp. (English)
• Werke, ed. Helmut Holtzhauer, Berlin: Aufbau, 3rd ed., 1982, 382 pp.
• Unbekannte Schriften, ed. S. von Moisy, H. Stichtermann and L. Tavernier, Munich: Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, 1987.
• Jalosta yksinkertaisuudesta: Kirjoituksia antiikin taiteesta ja arkkitehtuurista, trans. Vesa Oittinen, Helsinki: Kuvataideakatemia, 1992. (in Finnish)
• Schriften und Nachlaß, 7 Vols, eds. Stephanie-Gerrit Bruer, Max Kunze, et al., Mainz: Zabern, 1996 ff.
• Essays on the Philosophy and History of Art, 3 Vols, ed. Curtis Bowman, Thoemmes Press, 2001. (English)
• Johann Joachim Winckelmann on Art, Architecture, and Archaeology, trans. David Carter, Camden House, 2013. (English) [21]

Selected passages

From Opere di Winckelmann, 1830-34.

on the Laocoön

• "II.E.a, Von der Statue des Laocoon", in Geschichte der Kunst des Alterthums, II, Dresden: Walther, 1764, pp 347-350; repr. as "Laokoon", in Geschichte der Kunst des Alterthums, Weimar: H. Böhlaus, 1964, p 276-278.
  • "III.A.b., Agesander, Polydorus und Athenodorus; und von ihrem Werke dem Laocoon", in Geschichte der Kunst des Alterthums, II, Vienna: Akademischen Verlag, 1776, pp 696-701.
  • "X.I.11-17, Agesander, Polydorus, and Athenodorus, and their Work, Laocoön", in The History of the Ancient Art, Vol. 3, trans. G. Henry Lodge, Boston: James R. Osgood, 1873, pp 228-232, n453 [22]. (English)
  • "II.E.a, The statue of Laokoon", in History of the Art of Antiquity, trans. Harry Mallgrave, Getty Research Institute, 2006, pp 313-314, n357-358. (English)

on the Belvedere Torso

• "III.K, Insbesondere die Beschreibung des verstümmelten Herkules im Belvedere", in Geschichte der Kunst des Alterthums, II, Dresden: Walther, 1764, pp 368-372; repr. as "Der Torso des Herkules", in Geschichte der Kunst des Alterthums, Weimar: H. Böhlaus, 1964, p 292-294.
  • "IV.F.b, Beschreibung des Sturzes dieses Herkules", in Geschichte der Kunst des Alterthums, II, Vienna: Akademischen Verlag, 1776, pp 742-748.
  • "X.III.15-21, (Of the Torso in the Belvedere)", in The History of the Ancient Art, Vol. 3, trans. G. Henry Lodge, Boston: James R. Osgood, 1873, pp 263-267, n461-462 [23]. (English)
  • "III.K, Description of the mutilated Herakles in the Belvedere in particular", in History of the Art of Antiquity, trans. Harry Mallgrave, Getty Research Institute, 2006, pp 323-324, n361-362. (English)
• "Beschreibung des Torso im Belvedere zu Rom", Bibliothek der schönen Wissenschaften und der freyen Künste V (1759), pp 33-41; repr. in Winckelmann, Versuch einer Allegorie, besonders für die Kunst, Dresden, 1766, pp 155-158; repr. in Winckelmann, Kleine Schriften, Vorreden, Entwürfe, Berlin: De Gruyter, 1968, pp 169-173.
  • "Description of the Torso Belvedere in Rome", trans. Henry Fuseli, Universal Museum 1 (January 1765), pp 16-18; repr. Annual Register for the Year 1765, London: J. Dodsley, 1766, pp 180-182. (English)
  • "Kuvaus Rooman Belvederen torsosta", in Winckelmann, Jalosta yksinkertaisuudesta, trans. Vesa Oittinen, Helsinki: Kuvataideakatemia, 1992. (in Finnish)
  • "Description of the Torso in the Belvedere in Rome", trans. Curtis Bowman, in Winckelmann, Essays on the Philosophy and History of Art, Vol. 1, Thoemmes Press, 2001, pp xiii-xviii. (English)
  • "Description of the Torso in the Belvedere in Rome", trans. David Carter, in Johann Joachim Winckelmann on Art, Architecture, and Archaeology, Camden House, 2013, pp 143-148. (English)

on the Apollo Belvedere

• "IV.F.b.aa, Apollo im Belvedere. Beschreibung desselben", in Geschichte der Kunst des Alterthums, Bd. 2, Dresden: Walther, 1764, pp 392-394; repr. as "Die Statue des Apollo", in Geschichte der Kunst des Alterthums, Weimar: H. Böhlaus, 1964, pp 309-310.
  • "V.B.e.hh, Beschreibung des Apollo im Belvedere", in Geschichte der Kunst des Alterthums, II, Vienna: Akademischen Verlag, 1776, pp 814-817.
  • "XI.III.11, Description of the Apollo Belvedere", in The History of the Ancient Art, Vol. 3, trans. G. Henry Lodge, Boston: James R. Osgood, 1873, pp 312-314, n478-479 [24]. (English)
  • "IV.F.B.aa, The Apollo in the Belvedere: Description of it", in History of the Art of Antiquity, trans. Harry Mallgrave, Getty Research Institute, 2006, pp 333-334, n366. (English)

on the Meleager (Belvedere Antinous)

• "IV.I.c, Beschreibung des fälschlich sogenannten Antinous im Belvedere", in Geschichte der Kunst des Alterthums, II, Dresden: Walther, 1764, pp 409-410; repr. as "Der Antinous im Belvedere", in Geschichte der Kunst des Alterthums, Weimar: H. Böhlaus, 1964, p 320-322.
  • "V.B.cc.γ.ββ.٦‎, Von dem irrig sogenannten Antinous, oder dem Meleager im Belvedere", in Geschichte der Kunst des Alterthums, II, Vienna: Akademischen Verlag, 1776, pp 844-845.
  • "XII.I.20, Of the Antinoüs, erroneously so called, or the Meleager in the Belvedere", in The History of the Ancient Art, Vol. 3, trans. G. Henry Lodge, Boston: James R. Osgood, 1873, pp 336-337, n489 [25]. (English)
  • "IV.I.c, The Apollo in the Belvedere: Description of it", in History of the Art of Antiquity, trans. Harry Mallgrave, Getty Research Institute, 2006, pp 341, n370. (English)

Biographies

Printed

• "Biographie Johann Winckelmanns", in Winckelmann, Werke, Bd. 1, Stuttgart: Hoffmann, 1847, pp iii-xxxvi.
• Carl Justi, Winckelmann. Sein Leben, seine Werke und seine Zeitgenossen, Band 1, Band 2.1, Band 2.2, Leipzig: Vogel, 1866-72; 2nd ed. as Winckelmann und seine Zeitgenossen, I, II, III, Leipzig: Vogel, 1898; 3rd ed., Leipzig, 1923; 4th ed., Leipzig: Koehler & Amelang, 1943; 5th ed., I, II, III, Cologne: Phaidon, 1956.
• G. Henry Lodge, "Life of Winckelmann", in Winckelmann, The History of the Ancient Art, Vol. 1], Boston: James R. Osgood, 1873, pp 1-146. (English)
• Julius Vogel, "Winckelmann, Johann Joachim", in Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie, Band 43, Leipzig: Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig, 1898, pp 343-362.
• Wolfgang Lepmann, J. J. Winckelmann: eine Biographie, Frankfurt am Main, 1971.
• Alex Potts, Flesh and the Ideal: Winckelmann and the Origins of Art History, Yale University Press, 1994, 302 pp. (English) [26]
• Ekaterini Kepetzis, "Winckelmann, Johann Joachim", in Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon, Band 18, Herzberg: Bautz, 2001, pp 1530-1559. [27]
• David Carter, in Johann Joachim Winckelmann on Art, Architecture, and Archaeology, Camden House, 2013, pp 1-12. (English) [28]
• Thomas F. Barry, "Johann Joachim Winckelmann", in The 17th and 18th Centuries: Dictionary of World Biography, Vol. 4, ed. Frank N. Magill, Routledge, 2013, pp 1460-1462. (English)

Online only

• "Biografie von Johann Joachim Winckelmann", Winckelmann-Gesellschaft.com.
• Steffen Egle, "Johann Joachim Winckelmann (1717-1768)", arthistoricum.net.
  • "Johann Joachim Winckelmann (1717-1768)", trans. Alexandra Büttner, arthistoricum.net. (English)
• Lee Sorensen, "Winckelmann, Johann Joachim" , Dictionary of Art Historians. (English)
• "Johann Joachim Winkelmann - Biography", The European Graduate School. (English)
• Petri Liukkonen, "Johann Joachim Winkelmann (1717-1768)". (English)

Links

• Winckelmann-Museum, Stendal.
• Winckelmann-Instituts der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin