Situationist International

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Internationale situationniste 1, Jun 1958, Log.

Founded in July 1957, the Situationist International brought together currents of experimental poetry, avant-garde art, and radical social criticism to explore new techniques of engagement in cultural protest and revolutionary praxis. Although the organization itself remained small and disbanded in 1972, the SI shaped the interaction of art and politics at crucial moments in the evolution of postwar culture, including the transnational uprisings of 1968 and 1977. Its influence continues to be felt today. (Source)

Members

Based on an appendix to James Trier's book Guy Debord, the Situationist International, and the Revolutionary Spirit, 2019.

Name SI section Year admitted Year excluded or resigned Excluded, resigned, split
Guy Debord French 1957 July 1972 April Member to the end
Michèle Bernstein French 1957 July 1967 Fall R
Asger Jorn French 1957 July 1961 April R
Mustapha Khayati French 1965 March 1969 September R
René Viénet French 1963 Spring 1971 February R
Anton Hartstein French 1966 Early 1966 July E
Jean Garnault French 1966 July 1967 January E
Herbert Holl French 1966 July 1967 January E
Theo Frey[1] French 1966 July 1967 January E
Edith Frey French 1966 July 1967 January E
Ndjangani Lungela French 1966 July 1967 Late R
René Riesel French 1968 Fall 1971 September E
Alain Chevalier French 1968 Fall 1969 October E
François de Beaulieu French 1968 Fall 1970 July R
Patrick Cheval French 1968 Fall 1970 January R
Christian Sebastiani French 1968 Fall 1970 December R
Walter Olmo Italian 1957 July 1958 January E
Piero Simondo Italian 1957 July 1958 January E
Elena Verrone Italian 1957 July 1958 January E
Giuseppe Pinot-Gallizio Italian 1957 July 1960 May E
Giors Melanotte[2] Italian 1957 1960 May E
Glauco Wuerich Italian 1958 May 1960 May E
Claudio Pavan Italian 1969 January 1970 March E
Eduardo Rothe Italian 1969 Spring 1970 April E
Paolo Salvadori Italian 1969 January 1970 August E
Gianfranco Sanguinetti Italian 1969 January 1972 April Member to the end
Walter Korun[3] Belgian 1957 1958 October E
Maurice Wyckaert Belgian 1958 April 1961 April E
Raoul Vaneigem Belgian 1961 Early 1970 November R
Attila Kotányi Belgian 1960 May 1963 December E
Jan Strijbosch Belgian 1962 November 1966 July E
Rudi Renson Belgian 1962 November 1966 July E
Ralph Rumney English 1957 July 1958 June E
Donald Nicholson-Smith English 1965 Fall 1967 December E
T.J. Clark English 1965 Fall 1967 December E
Chris Gray English 1966 October 1967 December E
Charles Radcliffe English 1966 October 1967 November R
Mohamed Dahou Algerian 1957 1959 December R
Abdelhafid Khatib Algerian 1957 1960 December R
Constant Nieuwenhuys Dutch 1957 1960 June R
Har Oudejans Dutch 1959 March 1960 March E
Anton Alberts Dutch 1959 March 1960 March E
Armando[4] Dutch 1959 March 1960 March E
Jacqueline de Jong Dutch 1960 July 1962 March Split
Hans Peter Zimmer German (Gruppe SPUR) 1959 April 1962 February E
Hans Platschek German 1958 January 1959 February E
Uwe Lausen German (Gruppe SPUR) 1959 February 1965 March E
Heimrad Prem German (Gruppe SPUR) 1959 April 1962 February E
Helmut Sturm German (Gruppe SPUR) 1959 April 1962 February E
Heinz Hofl German (Gruppe SPUR) 1959 April 1960 May R
Erwin Eisch German (Gruppe Radama) 1959 April 1962 February E
Lothar Fischer German (Gruppe SPUR) 1959 April 1962 February E
E. R. Nele German (Gruppe SPUR) 1959 April 1962 February E
Gretel Stadler German (Gruppe Radama) 1959 April 1962 February E
Dieter Kunzelmann German (Gruppe SPUR) 1961 Early 1962 February E
Jørgen Nash Scandinavian 1960 Summer 1962 March Split
Ansgar Elde Scandinavian 1960 Summer 1962 March Split
Steffan Larsson Scandinavian 1960 Summer 1962 March Split
Katja Lindell Scandinavian 1960 Summer 1962 March Split
Hardy Strid Scandinavian 1960 Summer 1962 March Split
JV Martin Scandinavian 1961 August 1972 April Member to the end
Peter Laugesen Scandinavian 1962 Summer 1963 December E
Robert Chasse American 1969 January 1970 January E
Bruce Elwell American 1969 January 1970 January E
Jon Horelick American 1969 Spring 1970 November E
Tony Verlaan American 1969 January 1970 November E
Alexander Trocchi Scottish / No section 1957 1964 Fall E
Andre Frankin Belgian / No SI section 1957 1961 March R
Jacques Ovadia Israeli / No SI section 1960 June 1961 November R
Ivan Chtcheglov[5] French / No SI section Member to the end?

Of the total of 70 members, there were 44 exclusions, 16 resignations, 6 splits, and 4 members until the end (if Chtcheglov is included).

Notes

  1. ↑ Theo and Edith Frey were siblings.
  2. ↑ “Giors Melanotte” is a pseudonym for Giorgio Gallizio.
  3. ↑ “Walter Korun” is a pseudonym for Piet de Groof.
  4. ↑ “Armando” is a pseudonym for Herman Dirk Van Dodeweerd.
  5. ↑ Chris Gray’s SI membership chart in Leaving the 20th Century: The Incomplete Work of the Situationist International (132-133) lists Ivan Chtcheglov as an SI member. However, Chtcheglov was excluded from the Lettrist International, and, according to SI scholarship published in English, Debord never formally admitted Chtcheglov into the SI. Gray for some reason identifies Chtcheglov as a "Member from Afar", but he was not. Chtcheglov wrote several letters to Debord and Bernstein in 1966, excerpts of which were published in Internationale Situationniste (issue nine, 1964) in an article titled "Letters from Afar", but Debord left no written record of ever according Chtcheglov the status of "member from afar". Chtcheglov’s membership in the SI seems to be a myth, born of an error whose origin is a mystery. All that said, perhaps in the French scholarship that has not yet been translated into English there exists some evidence of Debord admitting Chtcheglov into the SI as a “member from afar.” On the basis of that outside possibility, Chtcheglov is included in this chart.

Publications

Periodicals

Books (selection)

Guy Debord, Rapport sur la construction des situations, 1957, PDF (1989).
Asger Jorn, Pour la forme, 1957, Log.
De la misère en milieu étudiant, 1966, PDF.
Guy Debord, La Société du Spectacle, 1967, Log, HTML.
Guy Debord, The Society of Spectacle, 1967/1970ff, Log, PDF (Perlman & Supak, 1970), PDF (Nicholson-Smith, 1994), PDF (Knabb, 2005/2014), HTML (Knabb, 2005/2014).
Raoul Vaneigem, Traité de savoir-vivre à l'usage des jeunes générations, 1967, Log, PDF.
Ken Knabb (ed.), Situationist International Anthology, 1981/2006, Log, EPUB, HTML.
Guy Debord, Commentaires sur la société du spectacle, 1988, ARG (1992).
Guy Debord, Comments on the Society of the Spectacle, 1988/1990, PDF.
McKenzie Wark, The Beach Beneath the Street: The Everyday Life and Glorious Times of the Situationist International, 2011, Log, PDF.
Mikkel Bolt Rasmussen, Jakob Jakobsen (eds.), Cosmonauts of the Future: Texts from the Situationist Movement in Scandinavia and Elsewhere, 2015, Log, PDF.

For more, see pages of individual members such as Debord, Bernstein, Jorn, Vaneigem, De Jong, a.o.

  • Guy Debord, Rapport sur la construction des situations et sur les conditions de l'organisation et de l'action de la tendance Situationniste Internationale, [Brussels]: Internationale Situationniste, [Jun 1957], 20 pp; repr. in Inter 44, Quebec, 1989, xi pp; repr. as Rapport sur la construction des situations, Paris: Fayard, 2000, 64 pp. [6] [7]
  • Asger Jorn, Pour la forme: ébauche d’une méthodologie des arts, Paris: Internationale situationniste, 1957; repr. as Pour la forme: ébauche d’une méthodologie des arts précédé de Dix années d’art expérimental: Jorn et son rôle dans l’invention théorique par G.-E. Debord, pref. Guy Debord, Paris: Allia, 2001, 157 pp. (French)
  • The English Section of the Situationist International (Tim Clarke, Christopher Gray, Charles Radcliffe, Donald Nicholson-Smith), The Revolution of Modern Art and the Modern Art of Revolution, 1967; repr., London: Chronos Publications, 1994, 26 pp. (English)

Manifestos, proclamations

  • "Manifeste", Internationale situationniste 4, ed. G.-E. Debord, Paris, Jun 1960, pp 36-38. Dated 17 May 1960. (French)
    • "Situationist Manifesto", trans. Fabian Tompsett, in Cosmonauts of the Future, eds. Bolt and Jakobsen, 2015, pp 47-49. (English)

Catalogues

Anthologies

  • Situationister 1957-70, eds. Ambrosius Fjord and Patrick O'Brien [Jørgen Nash and Jens-Jørgen Thorsen], Copenhagen: Bauhaus Situationniste, 1971. Preface. Thorsen's text, (2). (Danish)
  • Situationist International Anthology, ed. & trans. Ken Knabb, 1981; rev. & exp. ed., Berkeley, CA: Bureau of Public Secrets, 2006, 532 pp, Log, EPUB, HTML. (English)
  • An Endless Passion... an Endless Banquet: A Situationist Scrapbook, ed. Iwona Blazwick, London: Verso, and London: Institute for Contemporary Art, 1989, 96 pp. Selected documents from the SI from 1957-1962, and documents tracing the impact on British culture from the 1960s to the 1980s. Review: Smith (Oxford Art J). (English)
  • Der Beginn einer Epoche. Texte der Situationisten, forew. Roberto Ohrt, trans. Pierre Gallissaires, Hanna Mittelstädt, and Roberto Ohrt, Hamburg: Nautilus, 1995, 320 pp; 2nd ed., 2008. [9] (German)
  • Beneath the Paving Stones: Situationists and the Beach, May 1968, ed. Dark Star, Edinburgh and San Francisco: AK Press, and Dark Star, 2001, 120 pp. Contains 3 pamphlets from the 1960s: The Poverty of Student Life; Totality for Kids; and The Decline and Fall of the Spectacular Commodity Economy; and other documents. (English)
  • Guy Debord and the Situationist International: Texts and Documents, ed. Tom McDonough, MIT Press, 2002. (English)
  • The Situationists and the City: A Reader, ed. Tom McDonough, London: Verso, 2010, 288 pp. [10] (English)
  • Cosmonauts of the Future: Texts from the Situationist Movement in Scandinavia and Elsewhere, eds. Mikkel Bolt Rasmussen and Jakob Jakobsen, Copenhagen: Nebula, and New York: Autonomedia, 2015, 304 pp. [11] (English)

More

Film

Documentaries

Literature

  • Mario Perniola, Agar-Agar 4: "I Situazionisti", Rome: Arcana, Apr-Aug 1972, 92 pp; repr. as I Situazionisti: il movimento che ha profetizzato la società dello spettacolo, Rome: Castelvecchi, 1998, 123 pp; repr., 2005. (Italian)
  • Jean-Jacques Raspaud, Jean-Pierre Voyer, L'Internationale Situationniste: chronologie, bibliographie, protagonistes (avec un index des noms insulté), Paris: Champ Libre, 1972. (French)
  • Pinot Gallizio et il Laboratorio Sperimentale d’Alba del Movimento Internazionale per una Bauhaus Imaginista (1955-57) e dell’Internazionale Situazionista (1957-60), Torino: Galleria Civica d'Arte Moderna, 1974, [128+50] pp. Catalogue. [12] [13] [14] (Italian)
  • Mirella Bandini, L'estetico il politico: da Cobra all'Internazionale Situazionista, 1948-1957, Rome: Officina, 1977, 391 pp. (Italian)
    • L'Esthétique, le politique: de Cobra à l’internationale Situationniste, 1948-1957, trans. Claude Galli, Arles: Sulliver, and Marseille: Via Valeriano, 1998, 353 pp. Review: Debecque-Michel (Critique d'art). (French)
  • Hurl Barbe [Pierre Laurendeau], Pompe le mousse, Paris: Brigandine, 1982, 188 pp; repr., Sous la Cape, 2013, 144 pp. Novel. [15] [16] (French)
  • Greil Marcus, Lipstick Traces: A Secret History of the Twentieth Century, London: Secker & Warburg, 1989, 496 pp; Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1989, 496 pp; new ed., London: Penguin, 1993, 512 pp; repr., Harvard University Press, 2009. (English)
    • Tracce di rossetto: percorsi segreti nella cultura del Novecento dal dada ai Sex Pistols, trans. Mita Vitti, Milan: Leonardo, 1991, 506 pp; repr., Milan: Il Saggiatore, 2018, 523 pp. (Italian)
    • Lipstick Traces: von Dada bis Punk - eine geheime Kulturgeschichte des 20. Jahrhunderts, trans. Hans M. Herzog and Friedrich Schneider, Hamburg: Rogner & Bernhard bei Zweitausendeins, 1992, 512 pp. (German)
    • Rastros de carmín. Una historia secreta del siglo XX, trans. Damián Alou, Barcelona: Anagrama, 1993, 527 pp. (Spanish)
    • Lipstick traces: une histoire secrète du vingtième siècle, trans. Guillaume Godard, Paris: Gallimard, 1998, 602 pp. [18] (French)
    • Stopy rtěnky: tajná historie dvacátého století, trans. Dušan Krejčí, Olomouc: Votobia, 1998, 427 pp. (Czech)
    • Ruj lekesi: Yirminci Yüzyılın gizli tarihi, trans. Gürol Koca, Istanbul: Ayrıntı, 1999, 496 pp. (Turkish)
    • Sledy pomady: Taynaya istoriya XX veka [Следы помады: Тайная история XX века], trans. A. Umnyashov, Moscow: Hylaea (Гилея), 2019, 640 pp. [19] (Russian)
  • Roberto Ohrt, Phantom Avantgarde: eine Geschichte der Situationistischen Internationale und der modernen Kunst, Hamburg: Nautilus, 1990, 333 pp; 2nd ed., 1997, 333 pp. [20] (German)
  • Giorgio Agamben, Guy Debord, Enrico Ghezzi, Luisa Passerini, Alberto Piccinini, Francesco Poli, Filippo Scarpelli, Roberto Silvestri, Paolo Virno, I Situazionisti, Rome: Manifestolibri Set, 1991, 94 pp. (Italian)
  • On the Passage of a Few People through a Rather Brief Moment in Time: The Situationist International, 1957-1972, ed. Elisabeth Sussman, MIT Press, and Boston: ICA, 1991, vii+200 pp. Catalogue for exh. held at Centre Pompidou, Paris, 1989; texts by David A. Ross, Elisabeth Sussman, Mark Francis, Peter Wöllen, Troels Anderson, Mirella Bandini, Thomas Y. Levin, and Greil Marcus. [21]. Review: Smith (Oxford Art J). (English)
  • Sadie Plant, The Most Radical Gesture: The Situationist International and After, London: Routledge, 1992, 240 pp. (English)
  • Lund Art Press 2(3): "Bauhaus Situationist", 1992. Special issue on the Scandinavian Bauhaus Situationist movement. (English)
  • Transgressions: A Journal of Urban Exploration, 5 numbers, ed. Alastair Bonnett, London: Salamander Press, 1995-2001. [22] [23] [24] [25] (English)
  • Stewart Home (ed.), What Is Situationism? A Reader, Edinburgh and San Francisco: AK Press, 1996, 203 pp. (English)
  • Situacionistas: arte, politica, urbanismo / Situationists: Art, Politics, Urbanism, ed. Libero Andreotti, Barcelona: Museu d`Art Contemporani de Barcelona (MACBA), 1996, 167 pp. Catalogue. (Spanish)/(English)
  • Gianfranco Marelli, L'amara vittoria del Situazionismo: per una storia critica dell'Internationale Situationniste, 1957-1972, Pisa: Biblioteca Franco Serantini, 1996, 396 pp; new ed., rev., upd. & exp., Milan: Mimesis, 2017, 445 pp. (Italian)
    • L'Amère victoire du Situationnisme: pour une histoire critique du Situationnisme, 1957-1972, trans. David Bosc, Arles: Sulliver, 1998, 427 pp. Review: Debecque-Michel (Critique d'art). (French)
  • Oiseau-tempête: revue de critique sociale, 13 numbers, ed. Barthélémy Schwartz et al., Paris: Ab Irato, 1997-2006. Journal. [26] (French)
  • October 79: "Guy Debord and the Internationale situationniste", ed. Thomas F. McDonough, MIT Press, Winter 1997, PDF. (English)
  • Simon Sadler, The Situationist City, MIT Press, 1998, ix+233 pp. (English)
  • Situationistische Internationale 1957-1972, ed. Dieter Schrage, Vienna: MUMOK and Triton, 1998, 120 pp. Catalogue for an exh. held 31 Jan-15 Mar 1998. (German)
  • Roberto Ohrt (ed.), Das große Spiel. Die Situationisten zwischen Politik und Kunst, Hamburg: Nautilus, 2000, 224 pp. [27] (German)
  • Catherine de Zegher, Mark Wigley (eds.), The Activist Drawing: Retracing Situationist Architectures from Constant's New Babylon to Beyond, New York: Drawing Center, and MIT Press, 2001. (English)
  • Archives et documents situationnistes, 5 issues, Paris: Denoël, 2001-2005. Journal. [28] (French)
  • J.U.P. [Jane Heiss, Ulrike Müller, Patricia Reschenbach], Situationistinnen und andere..., afterw. Renée Green, Berlin: b_books, 2001, 77 pp. [29] [30] [31] (German)
  • Mikkel Bolt Rasmussen, Situationistisk Danmarkskort. Noter om Situationistisk Internationale i Danmark, Copenhagen: Copenhagen Free University, 2003, 35 pp. (Danish)
  • Mikkel Bolt Rasmussen, Den sidste avantgarde. Situationistisk Internationale hinsides kunst og politik, Copenhagen: Politisk Revy, 2004. (Danish)
  • Laurent Chollet, Les Situationnistes: l'utopie incarnée, Paris: Gallimard, 2004, 127 pp. [32] [33] (French)
  • Figures de la négation: avant-gardes du dépassement de l'art, ed. Yan Ciret, Saint-Étienne: Musée d'art moderne, 2004, 178 pp. TOC. Catalogue for exh. held 22 Nov 2003-22 Feb 2004. (French)
  • Simon Ford, Situationist International: A User’s Guide, London: Black Dog, 2004, 208 pp. Review: Westermann (Leonardo). (English)
    • Die Situationistische Internationale: eine Gebrauchsanleitung, trans. Egon Günther, Hamburg: Nautilus, 2007, 224 pp. [34] (German)
  • Kelly Baum, The Politics of Pleasure: Gender, Desire, and Détournement in the Art of the Situationist International, University of Delaware, 2005. PhD dissertation. (English)
  • In girum imus nocte et consumimur igni: The Situationist International, 1957-1972, eds. Stefan Zweifel, Juri Steiner, and Heinz Stahlhut, Zürich: JRP/Ringier, 2006, 247 pp. Catalogue for an exh. held at the Centraal Museum Utrecht, 14 Dec 2006-11 Mar 2007; Museum Tinguely, Basel, 4 Apr-5 Aug 2007. (English)
  • Stephan Grigat, Günther Friesinger, Johannes Grenzfurthner (eds.), Spektakel – Kunst – Gesellschaft. Guy Debord und die Situationistische Internationale, Berlin: Verbrecher, 2006, 250 pp. (German)
  • T.J. Clark, Donald Nicholson-Smith, Pourquoi l'art ne peut pas tuer l'Internationale situationniste, Marseille: Egrégores, 2006, 47 pp. (French)
  • De Nieuwe 11(15): "Spectacle", Amsterdam: Arti et Amicitiae, May 2007, 23 pp. (Dutch)
  • Kelly Baum, "The Sex of the Situationist International", October 126, Fall 2008, pp 23-43. (English)
  • McKenzie Wark, 50 Years of Recuperation: The Situationist International 1957-2007, New York: Buell Center, and Princeton Architectural Press, 2008, 48+[32] pp. Review: Kinkle (Hist Mat). [35] (English)
Encyclopedic entries

en Oxford DA, Tate, Wikipedia. it Treccani. cr Šuvaković.

Bibliography
  • Simon Ford, The Realization And Suppression Of The Situationist International: An Annotated Bibliography 1972–1992, AK Press, 1996, 155 pp. [54] (English)

Resources

Exhibitions

  • Situationister 1957-71 Drakabygget, Skånska Konstmuseum, Lund/Sweden, 1971. Catalogue text.
  • On the Passage of a Few People through a Rather Brief Moment in Time: The Situationist International, 1957-1972, Musée National d’Art Modern Centre Georges Pompidou, Paris, 21 Feb-9 Apr 1989; Institute of Contemporary Arts, London, 23 Jun-13 Aug 1989; Institute of Contemporary Art, Boston, 20 Oct 1989-7 Jan 1990. Catalogue published. Exh. review: Smith (NY Times).
  • An Army of Liars: Situationists in Scandinavia, Kunsthall Oslo, 25 Nov 2016-29 Jan 2017. First major exhibition to examine the legacy of the Situationist movement in the region. Archive material.
  • The World We Must Leave: An Idea of Revolution by Jakob Jakobsen and Mikkel Bolt Rasmussen, Kunsthal Aarhus, 19 Nov 2010-9 Jan 2011; Kunsthall Oslo, 25 Nov 2016-29 Jan 2017. Works and documents from the SI and 3 short films. Exhibition guides: Aarhus, Oslo.
  • Jacqueline De Jong: The Situationist Times, 1962-1967, exhibition, Boo-Hurray, New York, 9-25 May 2012.
  • An Army of Liars: Situationists in Scandinavia, Kunsthall Oslo, Oslo, 25 Nov 2016-29 Jan 2017. The first major exhibition to examine the legacy of the Situationist movement across Scandinavia. Review: Norton (Kunstkritikk, NO).
  • Die Welt als Labyrint, MAMCO, Geneva, 28 Feb-6 May 2018. An exhibition on Letterism, Letterist International, Second Letterist International, Movement for an Imaginist Bauhaus, Experimental Laboratory of Alba, London Psychogeographical Association, Situationist International, Situationist Times, and SPUR. Curated by John Armleder, Gérard Berreby, Paul Bernard, Lionel Bovier, Alexandra Catana Tucknott, Julien Fronsacq, and Mai-Thu Perret.
  • Jacqueline De Jong & The Situationist Times: Same Player Shoots Again!, exhibition, Torpedo/PUB, Oslo, 11 May-2 Sep 2018; Konsthall Malmö, 15 Sep 2018-13 Jan 2019; Museum Jorn, Silkeborg, Denmark, 31 Aug-1 Dec 2019. Curated by Ellef Prestsæter in collaboration with Torpedo and Jacqueline de Jong. Review: Henriksen (Kunstkritikk).
  • The Most Dangerous Game: The Situationist International en route for May '68, Haus der Kulturen der Welt, Berlin, 27 Sep-10 Dec 2018. First reconstruction of the unfinished project Bibliothèque situationniste de Silkeborg outlined by Debord with Asger Jorn. Devised by Wolfgang Scheppe in collaboration with Roberto Ohrt and Eleonora Sovrani. Two-volume book published. Exh. review: Henriksen (Kunstkritikk).

See also


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